What is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) is a specialized, non-invasive treatment in which patients inhale 100% oxygen inside a hyperbaric chamber that is pressurized to levels higher than normal atmospheric pressure. This therapy works by increasing the amount of oxygen delivered to tissues throughout the body, which can help with healing and recovery.

Key Mechanisms of Action:

  • Hyperoxygenation:Under increased pressure, breathing pure oxygen enhances the oxygen concentration in the bloodstream, lymph, and cerebrospinal fluid, raising oxygen levels by up to 1200% compared to normal breathing at sea level.
  • Anti-inflammatory: HBOT reduces inflammation by modulating immune responses. It decreases the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α) and increases the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.
  • Reduction of swelling:The higher oxygen levels cause blood vessels to constrict temporarily, helping to reduce swelling without compromising oxygen delivery to tissues.
  • Stem cell mobilisation: HBOT has been shown to significantly increase the concentration of circulating stem cells, which play a key role in tissue repair and regeneration.
  • Angiogenesis:Hyperbaric oxygen therapy stimulates the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), aiding in the repair and recovery of damaged tissues.
  • Antimicrobial mechanisms: HBOT improves white blood cell function, enhances antibiotic effectiveness by facilitating penetration through bacterial membranes, and helps to limit toxin release in certain infections.
  • Regeneration mechanisms: HBOT accelerates the recovery of damaged tissues, including bone, collagen, ligaments, and tendons, promoting overall healing and regeneration.

Safety and Considerations:

When administered correctly, it is generally considered safe and well tolerated. However, like any form of therapy, there are rare but potential risks involved and it may not be suitable for every individual or health condition.

Therefore, it is important for hyperbaric oxygen therapy to be administered by qualified healthcare providers under the supervision of an experienced medical doctor with specialised knowledge in this area and a thorough understanding of its uses, limitations, and potential side effects.